What can be used to manage the timing during an approach without DME?

Using a timing method chart on the approach plate is a recognized practice for managing timing during an approach when Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) is not available. Approach plates typically provide detailed information, including recommended timing intervals for each segment of the approach. These timings help pilots estimate their position and maintain the correct timing throughout the approach phase, thereby enhancing situational awareness and ensuring safer navigation.

The timing method provides a systematic approach to maintaining the appropriate aircraft speed and configuration. By referencing the timing chart, pilots can calculate when to initiate turns, descents, or other maneuvers, which is critical when relying solely on visual references or other forms of navigation that do not provide distance measures. This method serves as a crucial tool for pilots to ensure their timing is consistent with the approach procedures set forth by the relevant aviation authority.

Other choices, while they may contain elements of navigation and situational awareness, do not provide the structured timing information that the timing method chart does. A compass navigation method and visual cue checkpoints might assist in general navigation but lack the specificity regarding timing needed for a safe approach. Automated landing systems, while technologically advanced and capable of precision landings, are not applicable in the context of managing timing without DME, as they typically rely on various