What is the primary use of transformers in electrical systems?

Transformers are primarily used in electrical systems to change voltage levels. They operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction and consist of primary and secondary coils wound around a magnetic core. When alternating current (AC) passes through the primary coil, it generates a magnetic field that induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the secondary coil. By adjusting the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils, transformers can either step up (increase) or step down (decrease) voltage levels in an electrical circuit.

This capability is crucial for efficient power transmission over long distances, as higher voltage levels reduce current flow and minimize energy losses due to resistance in wires. In addition to this, transformers play essential roles in various applications, including ensuring that electrical devices receive the appropriate voltage levels for safe and effective operation.

While storing electrical energy, measuring electrical current, and converting AC to DC power are important functions in electrical systems, they are not the primary role of transformers. These tasks are typically handled by other devices like capacitors for storage, ammeters or current transformers for measurement, and rectifiers for conversion.