What should a pilot do first if both pilots are incapacitated in flight?

In the scenario where both pilots are incapacitated in flight, declaring an emergency is the most critical initial action. This step is essential because it alerts air traffic control and other aircraft in the vicinity that there is a serious issue. When an emergency is declared, it allows for immediate assistance to be coordinated, which can include prioritizing the aircraft for landing and mobilizing emergency response teams.

Declaring an emergency also provides the pilot—or any qualified person, in this case—access to necessary resources and guidance from air traffic controllers, who can provide support and instructions. This action maximizes the chances of a safe outcome and informs all relevant parties of the dire situation.

Other potential actions, while important, can depend on the context and may follow after the emergency declaration. For instance, calling for help from passengers or attempting to regain control of the aircraft may be necessary actions, but without first communicating the emergency, the appropriate assistance may not be mobilized effectively. Finding the nearest landing strip is also crucial, but it should be part of the strategy established after declaring the emergency.