What should a pilot do first if both pilots are incapacitated in flight?

Declaring an emergency is a critical first step when both pilots are incapacitated during a flight. This action communicates the severity of the situation to air traffic control and other aircraft in the vicinity, which can mobilize assistance and coordination for the aircraft's landing. By declaring an emergency, the remaining resources—whether it's fellow crew members, air traffic control, or passengers—can be more effectively utilized to manage the situation.

For instance, if a passenger is able to assist or if a nearby aircraft can provide help, declaring an emergency facilitates that response. It also sets off protocols that prioritize the affected aircraft in the airspace, ensuring that it can safely land as swiftly as possible, which is vital in a scenario where the pilots are unable to perform their duties.